Risk factors of head and neck cancer

Risk factors for head and neck cancer

Smoking cigarettes, cigars or pipes:
Smoking tobacco increases the risk of developing many types of head and neck cancer, including mouth cancers, throat cancers and cancer of the voice box. The more cigarettes someone smokes, and the more years they smoke for, the higher the risk.


 Chewing tobacco or betel quid (paan):
Chewing tobacco or betel quid increases the risk of developing mouth cancer.


Alcohol:
Drinking alcohol is linked to cancers of the mouth and throat. The more alcohol a person drinks, and the greater number of years they drink for, the higher the risk.
Alcohol and tobacco combined greatly increase the risk of head and neck cancer. People who both smoke and drink heavily over several years have the highest risk of developing head and neck cancers.


  Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection:
Cancers at the back of the tongue and in the tonsils (cancers of the oropharynx) have become more common over the past 20 years.
Many of these cancers are linked to infection with a type of virus called human papillomavirus 16 (HPV 16). It’s thought that one of the main ways this virus spreads to the mouth and throat is through oral sex. The risk of infection goes up with increasing numbers of oral sex partners.



 Diet:
A diet that’s high in animal fats and low in fresh fruit and vegetables may increase the risk of developing head and neck cancer. Some types of salted fish that may be eaten as part of a Chinese diet can increase the risk of developing cancer of the nasopharynx.


Sunlight:
Exposure to sunlight over a prolonged period of time increases the risk of developing cancer on the outside of the lip. About 1 in 3 people diagnosed with lip cancer work outdoors.


  Exposure to chemicals:
Prolonged exposure to some types of dust and certain chemicals increases the risk of developing cancers of the nasopharynx and sinuses. Hardwood dust, leather dust and formaldehyde (found in MDF dust) are linked to some cancers of the nasopharynx and sinuses.


  Pre-cancerous conditions:
Pre-cancerous conditions of the mouth, such as oral submucosal fibrosis, leukoplakia, and erythroplakia (white or red patches in the mouth often linked to tobacco use), increase the risk of cancer developing in the mouth.


  Family history:
There may be a slightly higher risk of developing a head and neck cancer if you have a close relative (a parent, brother, sister or child) who has had a head and neck cancer.  Dr. Snita Sinukumar is one of the best for  head and neck cancer treatment in Pune.

Read more at- http://www.cancerspecialistpune.com/head-and-neck-cancer-treatment-in-pune/

Head and Neck Cancer 

Breast Cancer Treatment in Pune

Breast Cancer is the most common form of cancer among Indian women. Three-fourths of the cases of breast cancer occur in women ages 35 and 55 years

Each breast has 15 to 20 sections called lobes. Within each lobe are many smaller lobules. Lobules end in dozens of tiny bulbs that can produce milk.
The lobes, lobules and bulbs are all linked by thin tubes called ducts.These ducts lead to the nipple in the center of a dark area of skin called the areola.
Fat surrounds the lobules and ducts.There are no muscles in the breast, but muscles lie under each breast and cover the ribs.
These normal features can sometimes make the breasts feel lumpy, especially in women who are thin or who have small breasts.
Each breast also contains blood vessels and lymph vessels.
The lymph vessels carry colorless fluid, called lymph, and lead to small bean-shaped organs called lymph nodes.
Clusters of lymph nodes are found near the breast under the arm (in the axilla), above the collarbone, and in the chest.
Lymph nodes arealso found in many other parts of the body. Over her lifetime, a woman can encounter a broad variety of breast conditions.
These include normal changes that occur during the menstrual cycle as well as several types of benign (noncancerous) lumps.
What they have in common is that they are not cancer. Even for breast lumps that require a biopsy, some 80 percent prove to be benign.

Read more at: Breast Cancer Treatment in Pune