Colorectal Cancer

• Colorectal cancer is a cancer that starts in the rectum or colon, which is the large intestine. Both of these organs are in the lower portion of your digestive system. The colon is also known as the large intestine, and the rectum is at the end of the colon.

• The colon and rectum, which together form the large bowel, perform vital functions in the last phases of digestion.

• Digestion first begins in the mouth where food is chewed into smaller pieces and swallowed. The food travels down the esophagus to the stomach where it is further broken down by gastric juices and sent to the small intestine.

• The small intestine continues to break down the content  in addition to absorbing most of the nutrients, including carbohydrates, proteins and vitamins.

• Once the contents have passed through the small intestine, the material
  has become mostly liquid and is moved into the colon, which measures about 5 ½ feet long.

• The main function of the colon is to absorb water and dehydrate the leftover material, forming semi-solid matter, or stool. The colonmoves the stool into the approximately 6-inch long rectum, which acts as a holding chamber, until it is ready to be expelled through the anus.

There are some factors that may increase your risk of developing colorectal cancer:

Unavoidable Factors

Some factors that increase your risk of getting colorectal cancer are unavoidable. Getting older is one of them. Your chances of developing the cancer increase after you reach the age of 50. Some other unavoidable risk factors are:

• a prior history of colon polyps
• a prior history of bowel diseases
• a family history of colorectal cancer
• having a genetic syndrome, such as familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP)
• being of Eastern European Jewish or African-American descent

Avoidable Factors

Some risk factors for colorectal cancer are:

• being overweight or obese
• smoking
• a heavy use of alcohol
• having type 2 diabetes
• having a sedentary lifestyle
• consuming a diet high in processed foods or red meats

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Stomach Cancer

• Stomach cancer is cancer that occurs in the stomach — the muscular sac located in the upper middle of your abdomen, just below your ribs. Your stomach receives and holds the food you eat and then helps to break down and digest it.

• Another term for stomach cancer is gastric cancer. These two terms most often refer to stomach cancer that begins in the mucus-producing cells on the inside lining of the stomach (adenocarcinoma). Adenocarcinoma is the most common type of stomach cancer

Risk Factors

• A diet high in salty and smoked foods
• A diet low in fruits and vegetables
• Eating foods contaminated with aflatoxin fungus
• Family history of stomach cancer
• Infection with Helicobacter pylori
• Long-term stomach inflammation
• Pernicious anemia
• Smoking
• Stomach polyps

Syomptms

• Fatigue
• Feeling bloated after eating
• Feeling full after eating small amounts of food
• Heartburn that is severe and persistent
• Indigestion that is severe and unrelenting
• Nausea that is persistent and unexplained
• Stomach pain
• Vomiting that is persistent
• Weight loss that is unintentional

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